Saúde mental em estudantes universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18554/refacs.v9i2.5409Palavras-chave:
Pandemias, Saúde mental, Estudantes, Personalidade, Ideação suicida.Resumo
Este é um estudo transversal, realizado no início de 2020, que teve como objetivo investigar a saúde mental (ansiedade, depressão e estresse) em estudantes universitários durante o estágio inicial da quarentena no Brasil. Os participantes responderam uma pesquisa online sobre a percepção da COVID-19, quarentena, traços de personalidade, ideação suicida e saúde mental (Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse). Os dados foram analisados pelo algoritmo CART. Participaram 1957 estudantes (1418 mulheres, 72,30%) com idade entre 18 e 40 anos (Média = 26,40; DP = 5,58). Pontuações de saúde mental mais baixas foram associadas a um pior impacto do COVID-19 na vida do entrevistado, maior neuroticismo e maior ideação suicida, com 48,43% de variância explicada na amostra de treinamento. Esses achados mostram que a saúde mental de estudantes universitários pode estar relacionada à interação de vários fatores anteriores à pandemia, bem como da COVID-19.
Referências
Ministério da Saúde (Br). Painel Coronavirus [Internet]. [Brasília, DF: DATASUS]; 2020 [citado em 21 out 2021]. Disponível em: https://covid.saude.gov.br/
Talevi D, Socci V, Carai M, Carnaghi G, Faleri S, Trebbi E, et al. Mental health outcomes of the CoViD-19 pandemic. Riv Psichiatr. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 55:137-44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1708/3382.33569
Kontoangelos K, Economou M, Papageorgiou C. Mental health effects of COVID-19 pandemia: a review of clinical and psychological traits. Psychiatry Investig. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 17:491-505. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2020.0161
Patsali ME, Mousa DPV, Papadopoulou EVK, Papadopoulou KKK, Kaparounaki CK, Diakogiannis I, et al. University students’ changes in mental health status and determinants of behavior during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece. Psychiatry Res. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 292:113298. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113298
Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 287:112934. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
Asmundson GJG, Taylor S. Coronaphobia: fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. J Anxiety Disord. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 70:102196. DOI: https://doi.org/70:102196
Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 395(10227):912-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Liu S, Lithopoulos A, Zhang CQ, Garcia-Barrera MA, Rhodes RE. Personality and perceived stress during COVID-19 pandemic: Testing the mediating role of perceived threat and efficacy. Pers Individ Dif. [Internet]. 2021 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 168:110351. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110351
Carvalho LF, Pianowski G, Gonçalves AP. Personality differences and COVID-19: are extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits associated with engagement with containment measures? Trends Psychiatry Psychother. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 42(2):179-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2020-0029
Gomes CMA, Jelihovschi E. Presenting the regression tree method and its application in a large-scale educational dataset. Int J Res Meth Educ. [Internet]. 2019 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 43(2):201-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2019.1654992
Gomes CMA, Almeida LS. Advocating the broad use of the decision tree method in education. Pract Assess Res Evaluation [Internet]. 2017 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 22(10):1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2019.1654992
Lovibond SH, Lovibond PF. Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales. 2nded. Sydney: Psychology Foundation; 1995. 42p.
Zanon C, Brenner RE, Baptista MN, Vogel DL, Rubin M, Al-Darmaki, et al. Examining the dimensionality, reliability, and invariance of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) across eight countries. Assessment [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191119887449
Vingola RCB, Tucci AM. Adaptation and validation of the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) to Brazilian Portuguese. J Affect Disord. 2014 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 155:104-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.031
John OP, Donahue EM, Kentle RL. The big five inventory - versions 4a and 54. Berkeley, CA: University of California, Institute of Personality and Social Research; 1991.
Andrade JM. Evidências de validade do Inventário dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade para o Brasil. [tese]. Brasília, DF: Universidade de Brasília, 2008. 169p.
Gross JJ, John OP. Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. [Internet]. 2003 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 85(2):348-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348
Gouveia VV, Moura HM, Oliveira ICV, Ribeiro MGC, Rezende AT, Brito TRS. Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ): evidence of construct validity and internal consistency. Psico-USF [Internet]. 2018 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 23(3):461-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712018230306
Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. J Pers Assess. 1985 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 49(1):71-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
Gouveia VV, Milfont T, Fonseca PN, Coelho JAPM. Life satisfaction in Brazil: testing the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) in five Brazilian samples. Soc Indic Res. [Internet]. 2009 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 90(2):267-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-008-9257-0
Chang EC, Chang OD. Development of the Frequency of Suicidal Ideation Inventory: evidence for validity and reliability of a brief measure of suicidal ideation frequency in a college student population. Cogn Ther Res. [Internet]. 2016 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 40:549-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-016-9758-0
Teodoro M, Souza RSB, Martins CC, Sediyama CYN, Alvares-Teodoro J, Chang OD, et al. Validity of the Frequency of Suicidal Ideation Inventory in Brazilian adults. Death Stud. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 24:1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1824201
Therneau T, Atkinson B, Ripley B. The rpart package. Version 4.1-15. [Software]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]. Disponível em: https://cran.r-project.org/package=rpart
Gomes CMA, Amantes A, Jelihovschi EG. Applying the regression tree method to predict students’ science achievement. Trends Psychol. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 28:99-117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9788/s43076-019-00002-5
Gomes CMA, Lemos GC, Jelihovschi EG. Comparing the predictive power of the CART and CTREE algorithms. Aval Psicol. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 19(1):87-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15689/ap.2020.1901.17737.10
Ferreira DCS, Oliveira WL, Delabrida ZNC, Faro A, Cerqueira-Santos E. Intolerance of uncertainty and mental health in Brazil during the Covid-19 pandemic. Suma Psicol. [Internet]. 2020 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 27:1-8. DOI: 10.14349/sumapsi.2020.v27.n1.8
Gale CR, Booth T, Mõttus R, Kuh D, Deary IJ. (2013). Neuroticism and extraversion in youth predict mental wellbeing and life satisfaction 40 years later. J Res Pers. [Internet]. 2013 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 47(6):687-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.06.005
Cuijpers P, Smit F, Penninx BW, Graaf R, Have M, Beekman AT. Economic costs of neuroticism: a population-based study. Arch Gen Psychiatr. [Internet]. 2010 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 67(10):1086-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.130
Klonsky ED, Saffer BY, Bryan CJ. Ideation-to-Action theories of suicide: a conceptual and empirical update. Curr Opin Psychol. [Internet]. 2018 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 22:38-43. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.07.020
Fox RS, Lillis TA, Gerhart J, Hoerger M, Duberstein P. Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis of the DASS-21 Depression and Anxiety Scales: how do they perform in a cancer sample? Psychol Rep. [Internet]. 2018 [citado em 26 fev 2021]; 121:548-65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294117727747
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
