Sediment influence on total phosphorus self-fertilization in mesocosms simulating the phytoremediation of eutrophic aquatic environment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18554/rbcti.v6i2.4907Keywords:
aguapé, biorremediação, engenharia ecológica, eutrofização, macrófitas.Abstract
To restore a eutrophic aquatic ecosystem, it is essential to eliminate external sources of nutrients. Furthermore, the sediment compartment can store large amounts of nutrients, which can be released into the water column and keep the ecosystem eutrophic for a long time, even after the removal of external sources of nutrients. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate, in mesocosms, the influence of sediment in self-fertilizing an aquatic environment with phosphorus and its consequence in delaying the recovery of this environment if a phytoremediation technique with Eichhornia crassipes was used. The study was conducted in closed-bottom mesocosms using water, macrophytes and sediment from a hypereutrophic reservoir (Lago das Garças, São Paulo, SP). Two types of systems were evaluated: with and without sediment. The study was carried out in triplicate, totalling six mesocosms of 500 L each. Eight monitoring campaigns were carried out between February and June 2017. The following water quality parameters were determined: pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, apparent colour, and total phosphorus. Plant management was carried out to maintain only half of the colonized free surface and allow the reproduction and growth of the plants. Although both systems showed a tendency to decrease the total phosphorus content in the water, it was noted that the system with sediment presented greater reproduction of E. crassipes individuals, suggesting the influence of sediment in the self-fertilization of the system. Thus, it is important to consider the sediment when restoring eutrophic environments.
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