FORMINAS: AS NUCLEADORAS DE ACTINA MULTITAREFA NA BIOLOGIA DAS CÉLULAS DENDRÍTICAS, UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18554/acbiobras.v8i2.8483Keywords:
Formins, Actin cytoskeleton , Immunotherapy, dendritic cells, Cell biologyAbstract
As células dendríticas (DCs) estão na linha de frente da defesa imunológica. São células apresentadoras de antígenos profissionais, capazes de conectar respostas imunes adaptativas e inatas, interagindo com células T e secretando citocinas. Ao realizar tais atividades, elas desempenham um papel ambíguo, seja engajando a resposta imune adequada ou iniciando doenças, e portanto, representam alvos terapêuticos importantes para imunoterapias. Esse potencial é ainda mais significativo se considerarmos a dinâmica da remodelação do citoesqueleto de actina para desempenhar tais papéis. A família de Forminas de nucleadores de actina desempenha uma das três redes reguladoras de actina. As forminas possuem papéis essenciais em praticamente todas as células eucarióticas, incluindo as DCs. Dessa forma, revisamos as funções mais proeminentes das forminas na biologia das DCs. As forminas mais proeminentes que desempenharam papéis são membros dos subtipos Diáfano e FHOS/FHOD, atuando desde o reconhecimento e captação de patógenos, ativação de células T, formação de sinapses/filopódios virais, estabilidade da migração até adesão, podendo ser consideradas como biomarcadores dos estados inativo e ativado das DCs. Esses papéis importantes nas DCs deixam importantes questões em aberto ainda sem resposta.
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