Tecnologia de spray dryer e microencapsulação – uma breve revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18554/rbcti.v10i00.6826Palavras-chave:
Transição vítrea, Agentes encapsulantes, Parâmetros de processoResumo
A microencapsulação consiste em revestir substâncias por um agente encapsulante, resultando em pequenas partículas, sendo o spray dryer uma das tecnologias empregadas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo revisar o processo de secagem por atomização via spray dryer, destacando os principais parâmetros operacionais e suas correlações com as características do produto. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado no Google Scholar, utilizando palavras-chave como spray dryer, microencapsulação, agentes encapsulantes, transição vítrea, entre outras. Foram selecionadas obras que abordassem os parâmetros do processo e seus efeitos no produto. Observou-se que variáveis como temperatura, pressão, vazão e características do fluido de alimentação (viscosidade, teor de sólidos e temperatura de transição vítrea) influenciam diretamente na qualidade e estabilidade do pó. Problemas como stickiness que é a aderência na câmara, e Caking, fenômeno que pode ocorrer durante o armazenamento por influência de fatores como umidade, temperatura, pressão e forças eletrostáticas das partículas, podendo evoluir para liquefação do produto. Conclui-se que conhecer o material a ser atomizado é essencial para definir os parâmetros, visando a eficiência da microencapsulação.
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